Background: Acarbose slows down the intestinal absorption of carbohydrates, but its effects on the secretion of\nincretins are still poorly known. This study aimed to examine the effects of single-dose acarbose on the secretion of\nincretins in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).\nMethods: In this pilot study, twenty-three patients diagnosed with T2DM were randomly assigned to the oral\nglucose tolerance test (OGTT) group (n = 11) and the mixed meal test (MMT) group (n = 12). Fourteen subjects with\nnormal OGTT were included as controls. Plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and\nglucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) were measured at 0 (fasting), 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after\nnutrient load. A week later, controls underwent MMT, the OGTT group underwent OGTT receiving 100 mg\nacarbose, and the MMT group underwent MMT receiving 100 mg acarbose. The same blood markers were\nmeasured again.\nResults: No significant difference was observed in the OGTT group before and after administering acarbose. In the\nMMT group, postprandial levels of glucose (P < 0.01), insulin (P < 0.01), glucagon at 15 min (P < 0.05), glucagon area\nunder the curve (AUC) (P < 0.05), GIP levels at 30 min (P < 0.05), and GIP AUC (P < 0.05) were decreased after\nreceiving acarbose with a mixed meal, but GLP-1 levels and GLP-1 AUC did not change.\nConclusions: Single-dose acarbose could reduce the secretion of GIP and glucagon after a mixed meal in patients\nwith newly diagnosed T2DM. The influence of acarbose on incretin levels could be related to the types of\ncarbohydrate being consumed
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